Effects of Dietary Supplementation of a Herbal Product (NBS Superfood) on Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology, Immune Status and Blood Metabolites in Broiler Chickens

Abudabos AM, Al-Batshan HA & Murshed MA. 2015. Effects of prebiotics and probiotics on the performance and bacterial colonization of broiler chickens. The South African Journal of Animal Science, 45: 419-428. DOI: 10.4314/sajas.v45i4.8

Al-Khalaifa H, Al-Nasser A, Al-Surayee T, Al-Kandari S, Al-Enzi N, Al-Sharrah T, Ragheb G, Al-Qalaf S & Mohammed A. 2019. Effect of dietary probiotics and prebiotics on the performance of broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 98: 4465-4479. DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez282

Arshad MS, Anjum FM, Khan MI & Shahid M. 2013a. Wheat germ oil and α-lipoic acid predominantly improve the lipid profile of broiler meat. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 61: 11158-11165. DOI: 10.1021/ jf4041029

Arshad MS, Anjum FM, Khan MI, Shahid M, Akhtar S & Sohaib M. 2013b. Wheat germ oil enrichment in broiler feed with α-lipoic acid to enhance the antioxidant potential and lipid stability of meat. Lipids in Health and Disease, 12: 164-178. DOI: 10.1186/1476-511X-12-164

Aviagen. 2014a. Ross broiler: management handbook. Huntsville (AL): Aviagen group.

Aviagen. 2014b. Ross broiler: nutrition specifications. Huntsville (AL): Aviagen group.

Balevi T, Uçan US, Coşkun B, Kurtoglu V & Cetingül IS. 2001. Effect of dietary probiotic on performance and humoral immune response in layer hens. British Poultry Science, 42: 456-461. DOI: 10.1080/00071660120073133

Banu I, Patraşcu L, Vasilean I, Horincar G & Aprodu I. 2020. Impact of germination and fermentation on rheological and thermo-mechanical properties of wheat and triticale flours. Applied Sciences, 10: 7635-7647. DOI: 10.3390/app10217635

Barroso JR, Ferreira AHC, Da Silva ABM, Araújo MS & Oliveira LTS. 2017. Probiótico Dieta de frangos da linhagem pescoço pelado no período de 1 a 75 dias de idade. Revista de Nutrição, 13: 6012-6018.

Batista LS, Garcia EA, Faitarone AB, Sherer MR, Mori C, Pelicia K & Pizzolante CC. 2007. Flavonoids and mannanoligosaccharides in broiler diets. Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Avicola, 9: 33-37.

Bayat A, Khalkhali A & Mahjoub AR. 2021. Nutrition Bio-Shield Superfood: Healthy and live herbal supplement for immune system enhancement. International Journal of Food Science and Nutrition, 15: 6-9.

Cave NA, Slinger SJ, Summers JD. 1968. Significance of processing wheat germ meal for growing chicks. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 48: 199-205. DOI: 10.4141/cjas68-026

Creek RD, & Vasaitis V. 1962. Detection of an anti-proteolytic substance in raw wheat germ. Poultry Science, 41: 1351-1352.

Creek RD, Vasaitis V, & Schumaier G. 1961. The improvement of the nutritive value of raw wheat germ meal by autoclaving. Poultry Science, 40: 822-824. DOI: 10.3382/ps.0400822

da Paz AS, Abreu RD, Jaeger SM, da Rocha AP, Ferreira BP, Santana RS & Campos BM. 2010. Aditivospromotores de crescimentonaalimentação de frangos de corte. The Revista Brasileira de Saúde e Produção Animal, 11: 395-402.

de Faria DE, Henrique AP, Neto RF, Medeiros AA, Junqueira OM & De FariaFilho DE. 2009. Alternativas ao uso de antibióticos como promotores de crescimento para frangos de corte: 2. Ácidos orgânicos e probióticos. The Journal Ciência Animal Brasileira, 10: 29-39.

de Souza LF, Araújo DN, Stefani LM, Giometti IC, Cruz-Polycarpo VC, Polycarpo G & Burbarelli MF. 2018. Probiotics on performance, intestinal morphology and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens raised with lower or higher environmental challenge. Austral Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 50: 35-41. DOI: 10.4067/S0719-81322018000100107

Eftekhari SM, Hassanabadi A, Tahmasebi A, Golian A & Nassiri-Moghaddam H. 2018. The effect of hydroalcoholic extract of angelica (Heracleumpersicum) fruit on performance, immune responses, small intestine histology, haematological parameters and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens. Journal of Applied Animal Research, 46: 1336–1343. DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2018.1505621

Ellakany H, El-Sayed AE, Soliman F & Elbestawy A. 2017. The effect of fermented wheat germ extract on biochemical, physiological and performance parameters of broiler chickens. Alexandria Journal of Veterinary Sciences, 55: 91-97. DOI: 10.5455/ajvs.280407

Engberg RM, Hedemann MS, Leser TD & Jensen BB. 2000. Effect of zinc bacitracin and salinomycin on intestinal micro flora and performance of broilers. Poultry Science, 79: 1311-1319. DOI: 10.1093/ps/79.9.1311

Fletcher DL. 2002. Poultry meat quality. World's Poultry Science Journal, 58: 131–146. DOI: 10.1079/WPS20020013

Garcia V, Catala-Gregori P, Hernandez F, Megias MD & Madrid J. 2007. Effect of formic acid and plant extracts on growth, nutrient digestibility, intestine mucosa morphology, and meat yield of broilers. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 16: 555–562. DOI: 10.3382/japr.2006-00116

Haque MH, Sarker S, Islam MS, Islam MA, Karim MR, Kayesh MEH, Shiddiky MJA & Anwer MS. 2020. Sustainable antibiotic-free broiler meat production: current trends, challenges, and possibilities in a developing country perspective. Biology (Basel), 9: 411-435. DOI: 10.3390/ biology9110411

Imari ZK, Hassanabadi A & Nassiri Moghaddam H. 2020. Response of broiler chickens to calcium and phosphorus restriction: effects on growth performance, carcass traits, tibia characteristics and total tract retention of nutrients. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 19: 929–939. DOI: 10.1080/1828051X.2020.1808101

Juskiewicz J, Gruzauskas R, Zdunczyk Z, Semaskaite A, Jankowski J, Totilas Z, Jarule V, Sasyte V, Zdunczyk P, Raceviciute‐Stupeliene A & Svirmickas G. 2011. Effects of dietary addition of Macleayacordata alkaloid extract on growth performance, caecal indices and breast meat fatty acids profile in male broilers. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 95: 171-178. DOI: /10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01037.x

Kabir SL, Rahman MM, Rahman MB, Rahman MM & Ahmed SU. 2004. The dynamics of probiotics on growth performance and immune in broiler. International Journal of Poultry Science, 3: 361-364.

Khaksefidi A & Ghoorchi T. 2006. Effect of probiotics on performance and immune- competence in broiler chicks. The Journal of Poultry Science, 43: 296-300. DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.43.296

Koenen ME, Kramer J, Van Der Hulst R, Heres L, Jeurissen SH & Boersma WJ. 2004. Immunomodulation by probiotic lactobacill in layer and meat type chickens. British Poultry Science, 45: 355 - 66. DOI: 10.1080/00071660 410001730851

Liaqat H, Jeong E, Kim KJ & Kim JY. 2020. Effect of wheat germ on metabolic markers: a systematic review and meta-analyzis of randomized controlled trials. Food Science and Biotechnology, 29: 739–749. DOI: 10.1007/ s10068-020-00769-9

Mathivanan R & Kalaiarasi K. 2007. Panchagavya and Andrographis paniculata as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters on haematological, serum biochemical parameters and immune status of broilers. The Journal of Poultry Science, 44:198-204.

Moran ET & Summers JD. 1967. The effect of toasting and autoclaving on the quality of wheat germ meal protein for the growing chick. Journal of Cereal Science, 1: 117-122.

Özcan MM & Ören D. 2019. Comparative of physico-chemical properties of wheat germ oil extracted with cold press and super critical CO2 extraction. Iranian Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, 38: 167-174.

Parrish JA & Bolt RJ. 1963. Effect of raw wheat germ meal on the nutrition of the chicken. Nature, 199: 398-399.

Pluske JR, Thompson MJ, Atwood CS, Bird PH, Williams IH & Hartmann PE. 1996. Maintenance of villus height and crypt depth, and enhancement of di-saccharide digestion and monosaccharide absorption, in piglets fed on cows’ whole milk after weaning. British Journal of Nutrition, 76: 409–422. DOI: 10.1079/BJN19960046

Rafai P, Papp Z, Jakab L, Tuboly T, Jurkovich V, Brydl E, Ózsvári L & Kósa E. 2011. The effect of fermented wheat germ extract on production parameters and immune status of growing pigs. Journal of Animal Feed Science, 20: 36-46.

Salama WA, Refaie AM, Amin HF & Abdel-Mawla LF. 2019. Using of untreated and autoclave-treated wheat germ meal in growing rabbit diets. World's Veterinary Journal, 9: 192-200.

SAS (Statistical Analyzes System). 2012. SAS/STAT Software, Version 9.1. Cary (NC): SAS Institute Inc.

Toghyani M, Gheisari AA & Tabeidian SA. 2010. Performance, immunity, serum biochemical and hematological parameters in broiler chicks fed dietary thyme as alternative for an antibiotic growth promoter. African Journal of Biotechnology, 9: 6819-6825.

Xu ZR, Hu CH, Xia MS, Zhan XA & Wang MQ. 2003. Effects of dietary fructooligosaccharide on digestive enzyme activities, intestinal microflora and morphology of male broilers. Poultry Science, 82: 1030–1036.

Yakhkeshi S, Rahimi S & Gharib NK. 2011. The effects of comparison of herbal extracts, antibiotic, probiotic and organic acid on serum lipids, immune response, GIT microbial population, intestinal morphology and performance of broilers. The Journal of Medicinal Plants, 10: 37-53.