آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 14 |
| تعداد شمارهها | 682 |
| تعداد مقالات | 7,081 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 10,987,378 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 10,057,305 |
حساسیت خاک ها با بافت متفاوت به فرسایش پاشمانی تحت تأثیر شدت باران و محتوای رطوبتی پیشین | ||
| مجله پژوهشهای حفاظت آب و خاک | ||
| مقاله 4، دوره 24، شماره 2، خرداد 1396، صفحه 67-85 اصل مقاله (1.09 M) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله کامل علمی پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22069/jwfst.2017.3676 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| علی بلیانی* 1؛ علی رضا واعظی2 | ||
| 1دانشجوی دکترا دانشگاه زنجان | ||
| 2دانشیار دانشگاه زنجان | ||
| چکیده | ||
| �اط با شدت باران و محتفرسایش پاشمانی بهعنوان نخستین فرآیند فرسایش خاک شناخته میشود که نتیجه متلاشی شدن سطح خاک توسط قطرات باران است. فرسایش پاشمانی فرآیندی پیچیده شامل جدا شدن ذرات خاک توسط قطرات باران و به دنبال آن انتقال پاشمانی بخشی از ذرات جدا شده است. کمیسازی فرسایش پاشمانی در خاکها با بافت مختلف برای ترکیبهای گوناگونی از شدت باران و محتوای رطوبت پیشین )(Antecedent moisture content, AMC بهمنظور درک فرآیندهای فرسایش پاشمانی ضروری است. پژوهشهای فرسایش پاشمانی در شرایط مزرعه اغلب پرهزینه و زمانبر است. شبیهسازی باران بهطور وسیع بهعنوان روشی مؤثر برای برآورد فرسایش پاشمانی در طیف وسیعی از عوامل مرتبط با فرسایش بارانی بهکار گرفته شده است. این پژوهش بهمنظور بررسی فرسایش پاشمانی در ارت | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| پاشمان خاک؛ پراکنش ذرات خاک؛ خصوصیات سطح خاک؛ قطر هندسی اندازه ذرات | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
1.Angulo-Martinz, M., Begueria, S., Navas, A., and Machin, J. 2012. Splash erosion under natural rainfall on three soil types in NE Spain. Geomorphology. 38: 44. 175-176. 2.Assouline, S., and Ben-Hur, M. 2006. Effects of rainfall intensity and slope gradient on the dynamics of interrill erosion during soil surface sealing. Catena. 66: 211-220. 3.Darvishan, A.V., Dadeghi, S., Homaee, M., and Arabkhedri, M. 2015. Affectability of runoff threshold and coefficient from rainfall intensity and antecedent soil moisture content in laboratorial erosion plots. Iran. Water Res. J. 8: 15. 41-49. (In Persian) 4.Defersha, M.B., and Melesse, A.M. 2012. Effect of rainfall intensity, slope and antecedent moisture content on sediment concentration and sediment enrichment ratio. Catena. 90: 4752. 5.Ellison, W.D. 1944. Studies of raindrop erosion. Agricultural Engineering. 25: 131-136. 6.Froese, J.C., Cruse, R.M., and Ghaffarzadeh, M. 1999. Erosion mechanics of soils with an impermeable subsurface layer. Soil Science Soc. Amer. J. 63: 1836-1841. 7.Hudson, N. 1995. Soil conservation. No. 3. Ed. BT Batsford. 8.Joanes, D.N., and Gill, C.A. 1998. Comparing measures of sample skewness and kurtosis. J. Royal Stat. Soc. Series D (The Statistician). 47: 1. 183-189. 9.Kiani Harchegani, M., Sadeghi, H.R., and Asadi, H. 2015. Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Rainfall Intensity and Experimental Plot Slope on Raindrop Impact Induced Erosion (RIIE). Iran. J. Soil Water Res. 46: 4. 631-640. (In Persian) 10.Kinnell, P.I.A. 2005. Raindrop-impact-induced erosion processes and prediction: a Review. Hydrological Process. 19: 2815-2844. 11.Lado, M., Ben-Hur, M., and Shainberg, I. 2004. Soil wetting and texture effects on aggregate stability, seal formation and erosion. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 68: 6. 1992-1999. 12.Lal, R. 1994. Soil erosion research methods. CRC Press. Landforms. 3: 295-299. 13.Liu, H., Lei, T.W., Zhao, J., Yuan, C.P., Fan, Y.T., and Qu, L.Q. 2011. Effects of rainfall intensity and antecedent soil water content on soil infiltrability under rainfall conditions using the run off-on-out method. J. Hydrol. 396: 1. 24-32. 14.Mamedov, A.I., Huang, C., and Levy, G.J. 2006. Antecedent moisture content and aging duration effects on seal formation and erosion in smectitic soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 70: 3. 832-843. 15.Morgan, R. 1978. Field studies of rainsplash erosion. Earth Surface. Process. 3: 295-299. 16.Morgan, R.P.C. 2001. A simple approach to soil loss prediction: a revised Morgan- MorganFinney model. Catena. 44: 4. 305-322. 17.Morgan, R.P.C., Quinton, J.N., Smith, R.E., Govers, G., Poesen, J.W.A., Auerswald, K., Chischi, G., Torri, D., and Styczen, M.E. 1998. The European Soil Erosion Model (EUROSEM): a dynamic approach for predicting sediment transport from fields and small catchments. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms. 23: 527-44. 18.Norusis, M.J. 2011. SPSS for Windows. Base System User’s Guide, Release 7.5. Chicago. 19.Page, A.L., Miller, R.H., and Jeeney, D.R. 1992. Methods of soil analysis, part 2. Chemical and Mineralogical Properties. SSSA Pub., Madison, 1159p. 20.Qinjuan, C., Qiangguo, C.A.I., and Wenjun, M.A. 2008. Comparative study on rain splash erosion of representative soils in china. China Geography Science. 18: 2. 155-161. 21.Quansah, C. 1981. The effect of soil type, slope, rain intensity and their interactions on splash detachment and transport. J. Soil Sci. 32: 2. 215-224. 22.Rafahi, H.GH. 2013. Water erosion and conservation. Tehran University Press, 674p. (In Persian) 23.Rousseau, P., Jolivet, V., and Ghazanfarpour, D. 2006. Realistic real-time rain rendering. Computers and Graphics. 30: 507-518. 24.Salles, C., Poesen, J., and Sempere-Torres, D. 2002. Kinetic energy of rain and its functional relationship with intensity. J. Hydrol. 257: 256-270. 25.SAS Institute. 2014. SAS, version 9.4 ed. SAS Institute, Cary, NC. 26.Sempere Torres, D., Porrà, J.M., and Creutin, J.D. 1994. A general formulation for raindrop Size distribution. J. Appl. Meteorol. 33: 1494-1502. 27.Shirazi, M.A., and Boersma, L. 1984. A unifying quantitative analysis of soil texture. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 48: 1. 142-147. 28.Soil Survey Staff. 2014. Soil Survey Field and Laboratory Methods Manual. Soil Survey Investigations Report No. 51, Version 2.0. R. Burt and Soil Survey Staff (Ed.). U.S. Department of Agriculture, Natural Resources Conservation Service. 29.Systat Software. 2012. SigmaPlot 12.0 user's manual. Systat Software, Point Richmond, CA. 30.Truman, C.C., and Bradford, J.M. 1990. Effect of antecedent soil moisture on splash detachment under simulated rainfall. Soil Science. 150: 5. 787-798. 31.Vaezi, A., Akbari, S., and Mohamadi, M. 2015. Study of rainfall processes in calcareous soils aggregates under laboratory conditions in NW Zanjan, Iran. Iran. J. Soil Water Res. 45: 1. 87-94. (In Persian) 32.Van Dijk, A.I.J.M., Bruijnzeel, L.A., and Wiegman, S.E. 2003. Measurements of rain splash on bench terraces in a humid tropical steepland environment. Hydrological Processes. 17: 513-535. 33.Wakiyama, Y., Onda, Y., Nanko, K., Mizugaki, S., Kim, Y., Kitahara, H., and Ono, H. 2010. Estimationof temporal variation in splash detachment in two Japanese cypress plantations of contrasting age. Earth Surf. Process. Landforms. 35: 9. 993-1005. 34.Walkly, A., and Black, I.A. 1934. An examination of digestion methods for determining soil organic matter and a proposed modification of the chromic and titration. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 37: 38-29. 35.Watung, R.L., Sutherland, R.A., and Swaify, S.A. 1996. Influence of rainfall energy flux density and antecedent soil moisture content on splash transport and aggregate enrichment ratios for a Hawaiian Oxisol. Soil Technology. 9: 251-272. 36.Wei, H., Nearing, M.A., Stone, J.J., Guertin, D.P., Spaeth, K.E., Pierson, F.B., Nichols, M.H., and Moffett, C.A. 2008. A new splash and sheet erosion equation for rangelands. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 73: 1386-1392. 37.Wuddivira, M.N., Stone, R.J., and Ekwue, E.I. 2009. Clay, organic matter and wetting effects on splash detachment and aggregate breakdown under intense rainfall. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J. 73: 1. 226-232. 38.Yusefi, A., Farrokhian Firouzi, A., and Khalili Moghaddm, B. 2015. Experimental investigation of the aggregate breakdown and splash erosion in different conditions duration and rainfall intensity in selected soil of Dashtegol watershed of Masjed Soleyman. J. Water Soil Cons. 22: 2. 175-188. (In Persian) | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 1,037 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 1,150 |
||
سامانه مدیریت نشریات علمی. طراحی و پیاده سازی از سیناوب