- Beam, A.L., Lombard, J.E., Kopral, C.A., Garber, L.P., Winter, A.L., Hicks, J.A. and Schalter, J.L. 2009. Prevalence of failure of passive transfer of immunity in newborn heifer calves and associated management practices on US dairy operations. Journal of Dairy Science, 92:3973-3980.
- Carvalho, M.R, Aboujaoude, C., Penagaricano, F., Santos, J.E.P., Devriese, T.J., McBride, B.W. and Ribeiro, E.S. 2020. Associations between maternal characteristics and health, survival, and performance of dairy heifers from birth through first lactation. Journal of Dairy Science, 103:823-839.
- Conneely, M., Berry, D., Sayers, R., Murphy, J., Lorenz, I., Doherty, M. and Kennedy, E. 2013. Factors associated with the concentration of immunoglobulin G in the colostrum of dairy cows. Animal, 7: 1824–1832.
- Edmonson, A.J., Lean, I.J., Weaver, L.D., Farver, T. and Webster, G. 1989. A body condition scoring chart for Holstein dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 72: 68-78.
- Eley, R.M., Thatcher, W.W., Fuller, W., Bazer, C.J., Wilcox, R.B., Becker, H., Head, H. and Adkinson, R.W. 1978. Development of the Conceptus in the Bovine. Journal of Dairy Science, 61:467-473.
- Funston, R.N., Larson, D.M., Vonnahme, K.A. 2010. Effects of maternal nutrition on conceptus growth and offspring performance: Implications for beef cattle production. Journal of Animal Science, 88: 205–215.
- Godden, S. 2008. Colostrum management for dairy calves. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, 24: 19-39.
- Gonzalez-Recio, O., Ugarte, E. and Bach, A. 2012. Trans-generational effect of maternal lactation during pregnancy: A Holstein cow model. PLoS One,7: e51816.
- Gulliksen, S.M., Lie, K.I., Solverod, L. and Osteras, O. 2008. Risk factors associated with colostrum quality in Norwegian dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 91: 704–712.
- Haskins, S.C. 1977. Sampling and storage of blood for PH and blood gas analysis. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 170: 423-428.
- Hassig, M., Stadler, T. and Lutz, H. 2007. Transition from maternal to endogenous antibodies in newborn calves. Veterinary Record, 160:234–235.
- Jensine, W., Joao, H.C.C., Heather, W.N., Daniel, M.W. and Marina, A.G.V. 2018. Technical note: Serum total protein and immunoglobulin G concentrations in neonatal dairy calves over the first 10 days of age. Journal of Dairy Science, 101:1–7.
- Larson, L.L., Owens, F.G., Albright, J.L., Appleman, R.D., Lamb, R.C. and Muller, L.D. 1977. Guidelines towards more uniformity in measuring and reporting calf experimental data. Journal of Dairy Science, 60: 989–991.
- MacFarlane, J.A., Grove-White, D.H., Royal, M.D. and Smith, R.F. 2015. Identification and quantification of factors affecting neonatal immunological transfer in dairy calves in the UK. Veterinary Record, 176:625-630
- Mahnani, A., Sadeghi-Sefi dmazgi, A. and Cabrera, V. 2015. Consequences and economics of metritis in Iranian Holstein dairy farms. Journal of Dairy Science, 98: 6048–6057.
- Mehri, M., Seyfi, H. and Mokhber Dezfooli, M. Effects of number of calves, mode of delivery and season on total protein levels and different protein segments of blood serum of colostrum-fed calves. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research, 2:184-186. (In Persian)
- Mohri, M., Sharifi, K. and Eidi, S. 2007. Hematology and serum biochemistry of Holstein dairy calves: Age related changes and comparison with blood composition in adults. Research in Veterinary Science, 83: 30–39.
- Morrill, K.M., Conrad, E., Lago, A., Campbell, J., Quigley, J. and Tyler, H. 2012. Nationwide evaluation of quality and composition of colostrums on dairy farms in the United States. Journal of Dairy Science, 95: 3997-4005.
- Mulder, R., Fosgate, G.T., Tshuma, T. and Lourens, D.C. 2017. The effect of cow-level factors on colostrum quality, passive immunity and health of neonatal calves in a pasture-based dairy operation. Animal Production Science, 58: 1225-1232.
- Nikkhah, A., Sadeghi, A.A. and Shoorang, P. 2005. Development, Nutrition and Management of Milking Calves. 1st ed, Publication of Tehran University. 225-229. (In Persian).
- Noya, A., Serrano-Pérez, B., Villalba, D., Casasús, I., Molina, E., López-Helguera, I. and Sanz, A. 2019. Effects of maternal subnutrition during early pregnancy on cow hematological profiles and offspring physiology and vitality in two beef breeds. Animal Science Journal, 90: 857–869.
- Olson, K.M., Cassell B.G., McAllister, A.J. and Washburn, S.P. 2009. Dystocia, stillbirth, gestation length, and birth weight in Holstein, Jersey and reciprocal crosses from a planned experiment. Journal of Dairy Science, 92: 6167-6175.
- Pritchett, L.C., Gay, C.C., Besser, T.E. and Hancock, D.D. 1991. Management and production factors influencing immunoglobulin G1 concentration in colostrum from Holstein cows. Journal of Dairy Science, 74: 2336–2341.
- Quigley, J.D., Lago, A., Chapman, C. and Erickson Polo, J. 2013. Evaluation of the Brix 26-refractometer to estimate immunoglobulin G concentration in bovine colostrum. Journal of Dairy Science, 96:1148-1155.
- Rahimi, H., Ariyazand, Y. and Ghorbani, A. 2010. Economic problems caused by twinning in dairy cows are factors influencing it. 16th Iranian Veterinary Congress. https://civilica.com/doc/840121
- Reschke, C., Schelling, E., Michel, A., Remy-Wohlfender, F. and Meylan, 2017. Factors associated with colostrum quality and effects on serum gamma globulin concentrations of calves in Swiss dairy herds. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 31:1563–157.
- 2001. SAS User’s Guide, Statistics. Statistical Analysis Systems. Version 9.1 ed. Cary, (NC), USA.
- Shamay, A., Werner, D., Moallem, V., Barash, H. and Bruckental, I. 2005. Effect of nursing management and skeletal size weaning on puberty, skeletal growth rate, and milk production during first lactation of dairy heifers. Journal of Dairy Science, 88: 1460-1469.
- Sorrells, A.D., Eicher, S.D., Scott, K.A., Harris, M.J., Pajor, E.A. and Lay Richert, B.T. 2006. Postnatal behavioral and physiological responses of piglets from gilts housed individually or in groups during gestation. Journal of Animal Science, 84:757–766.
- Swali, A. and Wathes, D.C. 2007. Influence of primiparity on size at birth, growth, the somatotrophic axis and fertility in dairy heifers. Animal Reproduction Science, 10: 0-12.
- Thornhill, J.B., Krebs, G.L. and Petzel, C.E. 2015. Evaluation of the Brix refractometer as an on-farm tool for the detection of passive transfer of immunity in dairy calves. Australian Veterinary Journal, 93: 26–30.
- Tyler, J.W., Steevens, B.J., Hostetler, D.E., Holle, J.M. and Denbigh, J.L. 1999. Colostral immunoglobulin concentrations in Holstein and Guernsey cows. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 60: 1136–1139.
- Wilm, J., Costa, J.H.C., Neave, H.W., Weary, D.M. and von Keyserlingk, M.A.G. 2018. Technical note: Serum total protein and immunoglobulin G concentrations in neonatal dairy calves over the first 10 days of age. Journal of Dairy Science, 101:1–7
- Windeyer, M.C., Leslie, K.E., Godden, S.M., Hodgins, D.C., Lissemore, K.D. and LeBlanc, S.J. 2014. Factors associated with morbidity, mortality, and growth of dairy heifer calves up to 3 months of age. Preventive Veterinary Medicine, 113:231–240.
- Wu, G., Bazer, F.W., Wallace, J.M. and Spencer, T.E. 2006. Intrauterine growth retardation: Implications for the animal sciences. Journal of Animal Science, 84: 2316–2337.
|