بررسی اثر انواع حاصلخیزکننده‌های خاک و زمان مصرف کود نیتروژن بر رشد و کیفیت ماریتیغال Silybum marianum L.) (

1.Tahernia, S. (2009). Effects of planting date and plant density on yield and active ingredient Quality in milk thistle (Silybum marianum L.). Ms Thesis of University of Guilan. 107 pp.

2.Kordi, H., Aghdasi, M., & Khalafi, M. (2014). An investigation on flavonolignans in different organs of Silybium marianum L. in Gorgan region. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 29(3), 561-665.

3.Pouryousef, M. (2015). Effects of terminal drought stress and harvesting time on seed yield and essential oil content of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.). Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 6 (4), 889-897.

Adesemoye, A. O., Torbert, H. A., & Kloepper, J. W. (2009). Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria allow reduced application rates of chemical fertilizers. Journal of Microbial Ecology, 58(4), 921-929.

5.Malakoti, M. J. (1999). Sustainable agriculture and increase yield by optimizing fertilizer use in Iran.  Agricultural education publication. Karaj. Iran.

6.Omidbaygi, R. (2006). Approaches processing medicinal Plants., Astan Ghods Razavi Publisher, Mashhad, Iran.

7. Auge, R. M., Stodola, A. J. W., Tims, J. E., & Saxton, A. M. (2001). Moisture retention properties of a mycorrhizal soil. Journal of Plant and Soil, 230 (1), 87-97.

8.Mohamadpour Vashvaee, R., Ramroudi, M., & Fakheri, B. (2018). Effects of Drought Stress and Bio-fertilizer Inoculation on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Marian Thistle (Silybum marianum L.). Journal of Agroecology, 21(1), 31-49.

9.Aghhavani Shajari, M., Rezvani Moghadam, P., Ghorbani, R., & Nasiri Mahallati, M. (2015). Evaluation of the effects of organic, biological and chemical fertilizers on vegetative indices and essential oil content of Coriandrum sativum L. Journal of Agroecology, 6 (3), 425-443.

10.Soltani, A., Roberson, M. J., & Manschadi, A. M. (2006). Modeling chicpea growth and development: Nitrogen accumulation and use. Journal of Field Crop Research, 99(1), 24-34.

11.Gastal, F., & Lemaire, G. (2002). N uptake and distribution in crops: an agronomical and   ecophysiological perspective. Journal of experimental botany, 53(370), 789-799.

12.Tohidi Moghadam, H., Sani, B., & Ghooshchi, F. (2004). The effect of nitrogen fixing and phosphate solubilizing microorganism on some quantitative parameters on soybean from sustainable agricultural point of views. Proceeding of 8^th Agronomy and Plant Breeding Congress of Iran, Guilan University, Iran.

13.Pandey, A C., Sanjay, S. S., & Yadav, R. S. (2010). Application of ZnO nanoparticles in influencing the growth rate of Cicer arietinum L. Journal of experimental nanoscience, 5(6), 488-497.

14. Koozehgar Kaleji, M. (2014). Qualitative and quantitative response of Eryngium caeruleum to mycorrhizal symbiosis, Azotobacter and various levels of plant densities. Thesis MS.c. in Agro-ecology, Islamic Azad University of Karaj Branch.

15.Qavami, N., Labbafi, M. R., Dehghani-Meshkani, M. R., & Mehrafarin, A. (2013). Determination of seed and oil yield and yield Components in two variety of milk thistle (Silybum marianum Gaetrn.) based on path analysis and regression. Journal of medicinal plants, 11(44), 78-85.

16.Bhat MI, Rashid A, Faisul- ur- Rasool SS, Mahdi SA., & Raies A. (2010). Effect of hizobium and Vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizae Fungi on Green gram (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) under Temperate Conditions. Journal of Research and Agricultural Sciences, 1(2), 113-118.

17.Chaudhary V., Kapoor R., & Bhatnagar A.K. (2008). Effectiveness of two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on concentrations of essential oil and artemisinin in three accessions of Artemisia annua L., Journal applied soil ecology, 40 (1), 174-181.

18.Eskandari nasrabadi, S., Ghorbani, R., Rezvani moghadam, P., & Nasiri mahalati, M. (2014). The effect of single and combined application of biological, chemical, and organic fertilizers on the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of Silybum Marianum L. Journal of Agroecology, 6 (3), 467-476.

19.Michaei, J., & Ottmana, T. (2000). Wheat durm grain quality as affected by nitrogen fertilization near anthesis and irrigation during grain filling. Journal of Agronomy, 92(5), 1035-1041.

20.Heydari, M., & Mobasseri Moghadam, M. (2014). Effects of amount and time of application of nitrogen fertilizer on yield and quantitative characteristics of Momordica charantia L. Scientific-Research Monthly Iranian. Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, 11(3), 591-599.

21.Carling, D. E., & Brown, M. F. (1982). Anatomy and physiology of vesicular-arbuscular and non- mycorrhizal roots. Journal of Phytopathology, 72(8), 1108-1114.

22.Khodayar, N., Pirzad, A., Jalilian, J., & Jafarzadeh, N. (2018). Effect of Arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus (Funneliformis mosseae) and weeds interference on yield and yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) under dryland conditions in Urmia. Journal of dryland agriculture, 10(1), 47-63.

23. Nemati, A., & seyed Sharifi, R. (2015). Effect of amount and time of application of nitrogen fertilizer on grain yield, filoquron and emergence rate of corn leaf. Journal of crop production and processing, 16(3), 219- 230.
24. Nikkah Naeeni, F., Ladan Moghadam, A. R., Moradi, P., Rezaei, M., & Abdoosi, V. (2017). Effect of vermicompost and mycorrhiza fungi on yield and growth of milk thistle and antioxidant system activity. Journal of Plant Physiology, 7 (3), 2063-2074

25.Kapoor, R., Giri, B., & Mukerji, K. G. (2004). Improved growth and essential oil yield and quality in foeniculum vulgare Mill on mycorrhizal inoculation supplemented with P-fertilizer. Journal of bioresource technology, 93(3), 307 - 311.